Cardinal
Obtained in 1939 by E. Snyder and F. Harmon at the U.S. Horticoltural Field Station in Fresno, California, crossing Regina Vigneti x Alphonse Lavallée.
CULTIVATED AREA IN ITALY
|
YEAR |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
|
HECTARES |
3.383 | 1.105 | 1.179 |
Bud-burst period: everage-early.
Ripening period: average-early.
Vigour: good.
Real fertility:1,5.
Yield: abundant and constant.
Cluster weight: 500-700 g.
Berry weight: 6 g.
Berry seeds: 2-3 per berry.
Sugar content: 17.5%.
Total acidity: 5,5‰.
PH: 3,60.
Transportation resistance: low.
Ampelographic characters:
the bud has an expanded, hairless, yellowish-green apex, unfolded apical leaflets, is green-colored with bronzed, translucent shades. The leaf is medium-sized, elongated, pentagonal, with three or five lobes, and is smooth, wavy, with hairless flap. It presents a U-shaped petiolar sinus. Hairless lower side. The cluster is quite large and sometimes winged, cylindrical-conical, elongated and sparse. The medium-to-large, round or sub-round berry has an averagely thick, pruinose skin of red-violet colour, not very uniform and crunchy. The sweet, pleasant pulp has a neutral taste.
Training system and pruning:
adaptable to both the “tendone” and the spurred cordon. For a more uniform grip of colour it is necessary to perform a suitable green pruning and sucker removal.
Susceptibility to diseases and adverse conditions:
susceptible to downy mildew and dead arm.
Overall rating:
one of the best early black table grapes for its good characteristics. Not very suitable for transport and, when ripe, it must be harvested immediately. Excessive irrigations should be avoided in order not to break berries.
Clones in propagation:
Cardinal ISV-VCR26.
Clone selected in collaboration with the Istituto Sperimentale per la Viticoltura di Conegliano Veneto (TV). Cardinal ISV-VCR26 reflects the average variety relative to the ripeness and sugar content.
Other clones in propagation:
Inra-Entav 80.